GPS Tech - Common GPS issues

[John Erwin]

GPS issues must rank in the top 5 subjects in the Equipment sub-forum at Stormtrack. Accordingly, I thought it would be a good idea to have a "one-stop shop" that could answer most of the common questions people would have.

I know that we have several GPS-savvy folks on here (Mark Blue comes to mind), and I invite anyone to add anything of value to the thread. Let's get started!

Why do I need a GPS?

1. Mapping purposes - Many chasers carry a laptop with them and run apps like Delorme Street Atlas or Microsoft Streets & Trips. Using a GPS receiver with these apps allows for you to determine your position on a map, along with being able to keep track of route/distance travelled, current direction/speed, distance to waypoints etc.

2. Weather Apps - Popular applications like GRLevel3, StormLab and others can ingest GPS data to allow the user to see their position in relationship to weather features on a map. Other specialized apps can use GPS data too: SpotterNetwork for instance can take your GPS data and use it to indicate your position to the NWS or other interested persons.


What kind of GPS do I need to buy?

This is one of the most confusing aspects, mostly because GPS technology is being incorporated into many devices. Be aware that only certain GPS devices are suitable for a broad-range of chaser/spotter applications.

Specifically, the device needs to be able to output GPS data in a useful format; most often this will be NMEA 0183. Most GPS-enabled software applications will be looking for GPS data in this format. Here's a breakdown of GPS units you are likely to encounter, and their suitability:

"Car Navigation" GPS units - Not suitable. Most of these units do not output GPS data of any kind; they are intended to be used as standalone units only. In some cases they can be "hacked" to provide data, however this appears to be quirky and/or risky in the least. Accordingly I do not recommend them for anything other than standalone use.

Handheld "hiking" units - Possibly suitable. Many of these units will output NMEA format data, however this is often only via a serial-port which can be problematic to deal with.

GPS "Pucks" - Most suitable, especially the USB versions. These are easy to connect and use for most applications. Please ensure the version you select can output NMEA 0183 data; see the next message in this thread for some recommendations.


How do I connect the GPS to my computer?

Serial-Port - GPS data was traditionally communicated via a serial-port (R2-232), however Laptop manufacturers in particular have removed this connector to save money. Most older GPS units will use this type of connection on them (some current GPS units on the market still do).

In order to use a GPS unit with a serial-port type connection, you will need a Serial-USB type adaptor. Be aware that these are getting scarce to find, and can be troublesome to setup. Best advice is to avoid any GPS unit that only uses a serial-port unless you have a working solution for it.

USB - Newer GPS devices will generally use USB. Be aware that just because a GPS device has a USB connector on it, doesn't mean it can output GPS data (i.e. Tom Tom's etc). It's interesting to note that in most cases, NMEA formatted data that is sent via a USB connection will usually be converted to a "virtual serial port" using software that comes with the device. Please note that most USB connected GPS receivers will require a specific driver to be installed; please consult documention prior to connecting the device to your computer.

Bluetooth - this technology can also be used for the connection. A few GPS "pucks" use this feature, which can be handy since you can have a completely cordless solution for your GPS and keep things tidy. Once again, specific drivers are often needed and the setup can be somewhat complex initially (experiences vary on this).

Once again I would personally recommend a USB-connected "GPS Puck" for most applications since it's the easiest and most economical method to get GPS data into your computer. Recommended models are included in the follow-on message.


Can I use a single GPS receiver for multiple applications?

Yes! You will need additional software for this however. The initial problem is that the GPS data is normally being interfaced into a single "virtual serial port". Normally only one application/device can use a serial-port at a time.

Luckilly, "GPS-splitting" software has been around for a number of years now. These appplications will create additional "virtual serial ports" and will permit your GPS receiver to be shared among several applications. The two main applications for doing this are:

GPSGate - Appears to be used by the bulk of chasers. 14-Day trial, $39.95 for "Standard Version". Includes many features, including ability to convert "Garmin" format data into NMEA 0183. Also works very well for some Bluetooth type GPS units.

XPort - Freeware (donations glady accepted). Used succesfully by several chasers (including myself). Currently only works reliably on 32-bit Windows platforms.


Can I connect my GPS to my <insert device here>?

There's all kinds of new scenarios coming up for GPS technology, including unconventional ways to use the data. I would suggest that if you have a specific question on GPS connectivity that you ask it here; perhaps somebody who's done this already can chime in and help out.

Some immediate examples of this could include how to connect a GPS unit to an iPad or Android-based tablet.

In the next message I list a number of GPS units that I've researched, and their applicability for chasing.

Good luck!

 

[John Erwin]

GPS Receivers

Here is a list of GPS units that I've researched, with applicable notes. In all cases you are advised to consult the specifications to ensure the device will work for your application. In virtually every case I found that Car Navigation type units are not suitable for providing data to other applications. The USB port on those devices is normally only used to update the unit or upload media files.


GARMIN

Car Navigation GPS units (Nuvi, Zumo)

It appears that virtually none of the current Garmin standalone "Car Navigation" GPS units will output NMEA 0183 data (or data of any kind) under normal circumstances. Some enterprising hardware-tinkerer types have found ways to circumvent this on some models, but an overall reliable solution does not appear to exist. Accordingly, these models are not recommended for anything other than standalone use.

Hiking Models

Many of the Garmin Handheld hiking type GPS units will output GPS data. Be aware that not all of them have a USB connection on them, or are capable of outputting NMEA 0183 via USB. In those cases you should be able to use software like GPSGate to convert Garmin proprietary data into NMEA 0183.

Dakota (all models) - do not appear to be able out output GPS data - not recommended

Etrex - some models (HCx, H) can output data; HCx via USB, H model only via serial port.

GPS60 (all variants) - NMEA 0183 via serial port. USB connection only used for Garmin-format data.

GPS72H - can output NMEA 0183; unclear if this is via Serial only or through the USB connector as well.

GPSMAP60,70 and 90 series - NMEA 0183 via serial port. USB connection only used for Garmin-format data.

Oregon (all variants) - NMEA 0183 via serial port. USB connection only used for Garmin-format data.

Marine units (various)

Many of these units appear to be able to output NMEA 0183 via a serial interface. These units are normally quite expensive.


MAGELLAN

Car Navigation GPS (Roadmate, Maestro)

Once again, these devices simply are not designed to provide data to other applications. I've heard that some people have been able to circumvent this with "tricks", however it appears these are not reliable solutions. These are not recommended for anything other than standalone use.

Hiking Models

eXplorist (all models) - can output NMEA 0183 GPS data via a USB connection

Triton (all models) - can output NMEA 0183 GPS data via a USB connection


Tom Tom

I could not find a single model produced by Tom Tom that would output GPS data of any kind for use elsewhere. The USB connector on these units is used to update the receiver or upload other data. Some enterprising "tinkerer" types have found ways to upload custom firmware on some of these models to circumvent this shortfall; not advised unless you can afford to "brick" your unit if things go wrong. Like before, these units are not recommended for anything other than standalone purposes.


OTHERS

"Puck" GPS receivers

Pharos GPS-500 - NMEA 0183 data via USB connector. This model has been included in Microsoft's "Streets & Trips w/ GPS locator" package. Can be purchased alone via e-bay etc. for around $20. Versions also available w/ Bluetooth. USB Version Highly recommended
** Recent experience has shown this unit to be problematic on Windows 10 owing to lack of driver support **

Globalsat BU-353 - NMEA0183 data via USB connector. Very popular; often found on e-bay or other online vendors for around $30. Highly recommended.

Delorme Earthmate series - i.e. LT-20 - currently not recommended. At one time in the past these were rock-solid units, however they appear to be problematic with a newer OS like Win7 (especially 64-bit). Experiences vary, some people report success with these. Perhaps Delorme will eventually release a new model?

Others - various models with unknown manufacturer names periodically appear on e-bay or other locations. Be aware that some of these models have been problematic for some users due to various issues (incompatibilities, drivers, data format etc.). You're strongly advised to avoid any model that you cannot verify details regarding suitability.


Bluetooth receivers

Some chasers have successfully been using Bluetooth-based GPS receivers. Globalsat in particular appears to have supplied models that have worked well for some. Be aware that some units out there are designed for specific applications and may not be suitable for chasing use - as per usual research is advised.

 

[David Wolfson]

Apple iPad
Built-in GPS (some models) is somewhat limited by design, according to reports. Bad Elf (yes, this the name!) makes an Apple-sanctioned GPS about the size of a CF card that plugs into the 30-pin connector and allows charging pipe-through via USB. Unlike the device GPS the Bad Elf can be placed for better sky view connected by a USB extension cord. The Bad Elf is a high-function unit a bit pricey at $100.

It works well with a number of apps, several of which pre-download maps, and thus don't need an active internet connection. IMO nothing yet compares to Delorme SA in functionality, but it provides a very adequate moving-map display and bread-crumb trail mounted as a heads-up on the visor, e.g., that doesn't need a power-sucking notebook computer running MSW. Because apps communicate with the OS through core routines rather than latched to ports virtual or otherwise, GPS output can be shared by multiple active apps.

 

[Bryan_Knitter]

Hmm...My Etrex Legend HCx outputs data through USB. GR3 had no problem showing my location.

 

[Mark Blue]

This is an excellent idea John and I must say that what you have here is an excellent start as well as thorough right from the start. I am humbled that you complimented me in such a public manner. I actually enjoy helping chasers solve their GPS woes and don't expect anything from it other than to make some friends along the way. I hope I never let anyone down if they do need help and I'm glad you took the initiative to put something like this together to help the folks who need it most at this time of the year. I think in order to keep this from getting too lengthy and spread out perhaps we can just add additional notes or ideas at the end and then you can edit your original posts until we have something that could become a sticky at the top.

There are some other seasoned GPS experts here on the forum that I've talked to in the past and Wes Carter is the first name that comes to mind. Hopefully he'll see this and chime in with his thoughts on the matter. He actually knows of a couple of websites that seem to be buried in my Bookmarks right now that would be good additions to this discussion. Last but not least you seem to know your stuff pretty well John, so a public acknowledgment is in order for you as well!

Other thoughts that came to mind when reading your notes are a brief description of the mapping software programs that are used, as well as links to support sites where folks can download drivers if they simply purchase a puck sans any software, and where to find support for both hardware and software (GPSGate, Delorme, etc.). You've done a great job thus far and I hope we can collaborate on this to nail down a FAQ of sorts that members can reference should they need help. I'll be thinking of material to add over the next few days, but like I said this is a very good start even by itself.

 

[John Erwin]

Hmm...My Etrex Legend HCx outputs data through USB. GR3 had no problem showing my location.

Hi Bryan, thanks for the update on that. The user manual was sketchy on data output; can you confirm that the data format is NMEA 0183 or just Garmin? I'll update the list above accordingly.

Thank you!

 

[John Erwin]

Other thoughts that came to mind when reading your notes are a brief description of the mapping software programs that are used, as well as links to support sites where folks can download drivers if they simply purchase a puck sans any software

Hi Mark; thanks for your comments and for acknowledging the other learned folks out there. You've made some excellent suggestions; I'll make some adjustments to my original post and hopefully we'll see others contributing as well.

Cheers!

 

[Bryan_Knitter]

Hi Bryan, thanks for the update on that. The user manual was sketchy on data output; can you confirm that the data format is NMEA 0183 or just Garmin? I'll update the list above accordingly.

Thank you!

I think you're right, it only outputs garmin. BUT I found garmins translator program: http://www8.garmin.com/support/download_details.jsp?id=1627

Actually, GPSgate will translate Garmin to NMEA, so if you have that, the garmin app is not needed.

 

[John Erwin]

Apple iPad
Built-in GPS (some models) is somewhat limited by design, according to reports. Bad Elf (yes, this the name!)

Thanks for this additional information David; I'm certain we'll be seeing more of a demand for this type of setup in the coming months/years as tablets become more popular... I'm considering a setup like that myself.

Anybody have similar info on an Android based setup?

 

[David Wolfson]

Continuing report on IOS (iPad, iPhone, i.e.) device functionality....

I and many, I think, use Delorme to keep an archival track log. The problem is that it's necessary to properly name the log file and shut down the program, or the log file gets lost/corrupted. A number of IOS apps work with GPS logging. Particularly an almost free IOS app called GPX Master+, starts and keeps a log in standard GPX format, works in background or foreground with or without an internet connection, and automatically saves to Dropbox a recognizably named log file on shutdown.

Dropbox automatically backs up to a central server and syncs with your other linked devices, e.g. home and mobile computers, when an internet connection is available. All recent versions of Delorme import GPX as a draw layer, including all the point info. It all seems on initial testing to work quite well.

 

[Matt Tottle]

Just a quick heads up for the thread, Franson is now offering an 'Express' version of GPSGate for free. The only limitation is that it will only let you share the GPS between TWO programs. But seeing as most of us only use two programs at once anyway (like SpotterNetwork and GRLevelX), it's a nice freebie. However, if you need to share with three or more programs, you will still need to shell out the $35 for the full version.

 

[Richard Dickson]

Matt,

Thanks for the great information as I'm one of the ninety percent of the folks that would just use two programs simultaneously. I'll be getting this installed this afternoon. I'll also see if they have a donation link as I sure wouldn't mind sending a few bucks for this.

 

[Will Campbell]

Matt,

I use the express license (which when I got it was a pay-ware! ) You can use SpotterNetwork along with two other actual applications, given that you just upload your GPS location to the SpotterNetwork server. For instance, I split the GPS location between GR and iMap tracker, and on occassion Google Earth if need be, but also upload or send the info to the server which shows my location on SpotterNetwork. So I guess uploading to SN doesn't actually count as an application using the location information.

 

[Adam Simone]

Will thanks for that post that really answers my questions. I use GPS for GR3, SN and eventually the iMap so I wasn't sure if I would need to buy the Standard or if the express would work. Also for the Stnadard is that price a yearly price or just a 1 time fee?

 

[Matt Tottle]

The express version only allows you to create two virtual COM ports. Each COM port can only be used by one program at a time. The SpotterNetwork client uses one port, and GRLevelX uses one. I don't use it so I may be wrong, but from what I understand iMap has its own location mapping system, which SpotterNetwork tracking can link with if you choose to do so. Therefore, you aren't actually using three programs on one GPS you just have one of your programs reporting to two sites.

And I feel you on paying.. I paid for mine too. But at least it's good for new users..

Adam, it's a one time fee. You're buying the software license, not a subscription. I'd have to look, but I think incremental updates (like v2.6 to 2.7) are free, but major updates (v2.7 to 3.0) are not. And like I said, I'm not 100% positive, but I believe iMap would replace your SN client as far as reporting to SN.