It is just as science based as SPC's tornado probabilies in their outlooks. Neither is based on some calculated index, rather on their best forecast of the tornado potential for the day, based on all the factors one would use to forecast tornadoes. Much like the way we chasers target, actually, although I would put either Forbes' or SPC's expertise way above mine or probably a lot of the rest of us. I heard Dr. Forbes talk about it at Chasercon, and as others have suggested, the larger radius (50 miles vs. SPC's 25 miles) was to make the numbers closer to the 1 to 10 scales that people are familiar with.