Summary:
During the daylight hours on Tuesday, my chase group (Brandon Lawson, Brett Roberts, and Brian Putnam) and I intercepted 3 supercells in eastern TN/northwestern MS. After dark, we observed 2 more supercells in eastern Arkansas. We filmed the beginnings of the Memphis tornado on the south side of the city from several miles away, and we later observed a well-formed funnel/possible tornado north of Moro, AR between 8 and 8:30 p.m.
Extended:
Prior to yesterday, I had never chased in Arkansas. Rumor as well as personal observation had convinced me (until recently) to stay away from the jungles of this area. However, a couple of recent trips along I-40 to the east convinced me that northeast Arkansas is actually a fine place to chase. So, with that in mind, and a potential tornado outbreak in the cards for the Mississippi Valley region, I decided to light the fuse.
My chase group and I left Norman, OK at 5 a.m. in anticipation of a relatively early initiation of supercell thunderstorms. However, the shortwave trough arrived later than expected, which delayed significant thunderstorm development until mid-late afternoon. Thus, we spent a considerable amount of time shooting the breeze northeast of Little Rock, in a little town called “Fair Oaks” at the intersection of Highways 49 and 64. Around 3 p.m., it became increasingly apparent that the prospect of storm development to the southwest of Little Rock was dimming, so we made the decision to pursue the sure-fire convection that had developed southwest of Memphis. This relatively early abandonment of our original target area proved to be rather important to our safety later on.
Our original target as we moved east was a tornadic supercell that began in northern LA and was heading toward northwest MS. Even so, we hoped convection closer to us would intensify, as our estimated time of arrival would be quite late (with regard to the setting sun). Fortunately for us, the nearby convection did mature into fully developed supercells just was we were entering Memphis. In order to stay ahead of the game, we opted for Highway 78 on that goes southeast out of Memphis towards the suburbs of Capleville and Olive Branch. On the way, we observed a developing supercell over Memphis, but blew it off due to traffic considerations. At the time, Highway 78 seemed to be a reasonable choice, but it was only on this road that we realized that it was not a highway, but a gauntlet of traffic lights and aggressive drivers eager to get home. It proved to be quite fortuitous that we had arrived early; had we taken this same route a half hour later, we would have likely been stuck in traffic in the direct path of the Memphis tornado.
At Olive Branch, we headed west where we intercepted our first target cell, which had developed near Hernando, MS. Around this time, Jeff Snyder called and offered his sage nowcasting while I relayed reports to him. We both agreed that we could play the Hernando supercell firstly, and then intercept the Tunica supercell afterwards. The Hernando supercell was in the process of dissipating when we got our first glimpse, but what a beauty! It was a classic supercell with a well-defined and striated updraft, a wall cloud, and even a hint of a beaver tail. However, the decrease in cloud tags below cloud base made it apparent that this was a dying cell; not to worry, though, the Tunica superell was on its way.
At Olive Branch, we went west on 302 toward Horn Lake (south side of Memphis). From the GRLevel3 images we perused on the way, it was apparent that we were dealing with a significant supercell. We made it as far west as 301, and then we headed south as the base of the storm came into view. It was a beast; the wall cloud was probably 3 miles in diameter and very low to the ground. Additionally, it was rapidly rotating and heading directly toward us. With little time to spare, we scramble southward and got out of the way of the monster. The center of the circulation passed to our north by about ¾ of a mile, after which we gave chase. As might be expected, the storm had started to gain considerable ground on us. It was at this time that we observed debris falling out of the sky. Apparently, a weak tornado obscured by trees and buildings was already intermittently on the ground. We quickly headed east on 302 toward I-55, with the circulation still in view about 2 miles to our east-northeast. During this time, a tornado developed just east of I-55 and began causing power flashes a few miles to our east. The low-level mesocyclone was poorly structured in the early development, so it was difficult to see just where the tornado was located. However, in very short order, a laminar cone funnel developed---tornado! Power flashes were occurring at a rapid rate, which aided in our search of the location of the tornado. As we moved northward on I-55, I glimpsed the tornado again between buildings and trees, and noted that it was significantly larger than earlier (I suspected a wedge, though I think in retrospect it was the bottom of the tornado cyclone, which made it appear quite large). I was on the phone the entire time with Jeff Snyder, who informed me that the tornado was now being broadcast on live television. Following this, the tornado translational speed was just too much to keep up with; we gave up and headed west on I-40 and started heading home.
On the way, though, we observed two more supercells; one to the north of Palestine, AR just north of I-40 and one to the south of I-40 near Moro, AR. The latter was fairly intense, and produced a sleek funnel ~8 miles north-northeast of Moro. It descended about halfway to the ground before retreating upward.
This chase lasted 24 hours, as we didn’t arrive in Norman until 4:15 this morning. This was a marathon chase, but certainly a worthwhile one considering the historical significance.
Gabe